Nature And Importance Of Decision Making In Investment Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 797 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Very important if decision-making process rely on scientific methodology of thinking and analysis to invest specific resources for certain period of time with considering of risks and uncertainty, and also important form the point of view that to set approaches to achieve these objectives, where the success in these tasks are limited by how much decision-makers are follow scientific method to collect information needed to take a decision, important also because it gives opportunity to evaluate expected revenue from all proposed investment options, and to select the appropriate investment that comply with objectives of organization and to enable decision-makers the opportunity to chose from well studied selections of investments.. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Nature And Importance Of Decision Making In Investment Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Its important also because it consider for the concept of investment choices and chances, qualification and experience, convenient (that to chose the right and suitable investment), and to aware for diversify the investment risks, all these determinants makes the right decision in investment is a master key of success, because it is very easy to decide of investment but if is it the right one? Principles of investment decision: The most convenient strategy of investment that one consider basically on priority of investors according to their view about business which usually affected by many factors as profitability which determine by rate of return, and liquidity and certainty that rely on how much business resist against risks. But decision-making process should also consider for investment determinants: Interest rate: with its indirect relation with investment according to economic concepts on investment (opportunity cost) Capital marginal efficiency: represent the marginal productivity of invested capital and also defined by return on invested capital. Scientific and technological development: what huge development in technology is offers new investment opportunity and assist the existed one with pivotal facilities on communication and software, since computer and internet be as revolution in business. Risk rate: when we classified investors for three categories, as risk avoiders, risk seekers, and those in between the two categories. Economic and political settlement on investment climate: the clear example is Iraq today compare to Iraq before first Gulf war 1991. Others factors: society awareness with importance of save and investment with attainability to active financial market. The importance of trade-offs between investment projects To use of scarce resources should follow a very proper and rational decision of how to invest these resources with lowest wastes possible, that by use of all means of comparative advantages through scientific approach to search for appropriate investment that able to ably, then to prepare the scheme/s bases by studying capital required, costs estimation, size, location, technologies needed, expected demand etc. Trade-offs between investments choices as fateful decision must based on comprehensive and very precise steps and should consider for all pros and cons of evaluation measurements, and use the best appraisal standards between investment choices. Investment appraisal methods These appraisal methods are categorized in two groups, the first one is the un deducted profitability standards in certain conditions, first one is the accounting rate of return ARP, with no consideration for tax and depreciation this method give feasibility of investment by compare the result of ARP and market interest rate, investment can be acceptable and feasible when ARP is bigger than Interest rate, second is payback period PP, as short as period to return capital of investment as investment is more feasible, period of return calculated by divide primary investment costs by annual net cash flow, this method is widely used worldwide as all information required to run is available and also because this method is more appropriate for investment in fluctuated conditions with high levels of uncertainty, this method also criticized as it neglect the profits after return of capital because it focused only on period that investment could return the capital, neglects the time value of m oney when it is not deal with time of cash flow. Deducted profitability standards, as Net present value NPV, the method characterized as logic and precise added to its consideration to deduct cash flow in order to determine the present value, this method uses in international financial organization as appraisal to evaluate investment, the method criticized as it consider only for achieved return and doesnt consider for the capital amount invested to create that returns, the last method is the internal rate of return IRR, this method still adopted by international monetary fund, world bank to evaluate investment and to give loans, the standard of this methods based on rate of discount that when in flow of cash is equal to out-flow of cash, which means the discount that value investment to zero, the method also criticized as the expected cash flow according to the IRR invested usually with the same discount price, the matter is not logic in grand investment where high interest rates usually adopted. Conclusion:

The Personality Of Personality Psychology - 2685 Words

Personality psychology is a vast field which includes theories ranging from biopsychosocial to behavioral to evolutionary for explaining differences in personality among individuals, cultures, sexes, and more. Even though some theories are stronger or more reliable than others, there is no one true answer for explaining origins and development of personality. Therefore it is my goal to better understand this phenomenon by analyzing a variety of studies and their findings for explaining differences in personality. Specifically, my focus is on personality differences between sexes and what these differences are influenced by. In addition, it is my intention to further understand the effects of personality measures, for example the difference†¦show more content†¦The assessment included self-report ratings made on a scale from 1 (disagree strongly) to 5 (agree strongly) (Schmitt et al. 2008). Beyond the assessment, Schmitt et al. (2008) did comprehensive meta-analysis across a variety of dimensions including cultural values, gender equality, and socioeconomic indicators. Cultural values indicators included Inglehart’s value dimensions, interpersonal trust and life satisfaction, materialist and post-materialist values, and Hofstede’s value dimensions. Gender equality indicators included sex ratio, Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM), Gender-Related Development Index (GDI), Sex ratios in smoking, female professional and technical workers, Sex differences in life expectancy, and sex differences in blood pressure. Finally, socioeconomic indicators included Human Development Index (HDI), gross domestic product per capita, school enrollment, life expectancy at birth, and the Gini index (Schmitt, et al. 2008). After analyzing all of the data, they found many sexual differences among the Big Five personality traits. First, they found that in 49 nations, women scored significantly higher than men for Neuroticism, thus making this category the largest magnitude of sex differences. Next, they found that in only one nation,Show MoreRelatedThe Personality Of Personality Psychology Essay1051 Words   |  5 Pages some researchers believe that the personality is the one thing about a person that does not change over time. Genetics and environment equally contribute to the development of the personality. This is shown through the nature/nurture principle. The way a person behaves towards others, and reacts towards the world around them is determined by that person’s individual personality. No two personalities are alike. This is because a person’s individual personality is made up of a unique variety of characteristicsRead MoreThe Psychology of Personality1307 Words   |  5 PagesR unning Head: Psychology of Personality Psychology of Personality Introduction 1.The foundations of the third force of psychology were laid by Carl Rogers, William Glasser and Abraham Maslow who coined the term of the third force of psychology. The main belief of the third psychology is that all people are good in an inherent manner and through a constant change in the beliefs, attitudes as well as the values; a person can become self-actualized who has the morals and the beliefs that can helpRead MorePersonality, Psychology, And Psychology1929 Words   |  8 PagesMeasuring Personality Imagine being able to scan anyone to know their minds profile. People present themselves through their personality, and psychology is like the minds functionality breakdown. Psychology and personality go hand and hand together. Using psychology and examination, personality can be measured and determined. To discover the basics of how one would determine personality psychologically, it is important to understand the basics of what psychology is and what personality is. AccordingRead MorePersonality Psychology : Myer Bringgs Personality2309 Words   |  10 Pagesinterested in personality psychology which states that we all have permanente and defined traits. Our personality â€Å"type† is also classified and determined and associated with certain personality traits. Upon exploring Myer Bringgs personality information, I find it interesting to realize that everyone can be classified into sixteen categories. As you explore this information, you find that you can ‘fitâ€⠄¢ into a few different ‘types’, but you fit best into one specifically. A personality type also tellsRead MoreThe Theory Of Personality Psychology1292 Words   |  6 Pages Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on the differences between people’s behaviors in terms of patterns, cognitions, and emotion. Personality psychology has been around for centuries, since Hippocrates’ Four Humors. Personality psychology has taken on many forms and has continued to develop throughout the centuries. Personality psychology is also developed with and from other fields of psychology like child development, behavioral, cognitive, and few others. PersonalityRead MoreThe Theory Of Personality Psychology1019 Words   |  5 Pagesnot like you at all? It’s ironic how a person personality is shaped. Personality is included in basically everyday life. Personality defines a person. Personality is like a big stew mixed with emotions, behaviors, and patterns of thought that truly define a person. Personality Psychology is the study of these different patterns among a group of people or culture. The studies of psychology started from Hippocrates’ theory that argues that personality traits are based on four different sections. ThisRead MoreDevelopmental Psychology And Personality Psychology1050 Words   |  5 Pages Development Psychology There are many specialty areas that are available to individuals seeking a career in the diverse field of psychology. Most Psychologists choose to specialize in sub-fields that focus on specific subjects. Obtaining a profession in many of the specialty areas would require graduate study in that area of interest. Some professionals have a broad knowledge, are skilled in several areas, and work with a range of clients. Some are specialist in treating a specific type of psychologicalRead MoreTheories Of Personality And Psychology1382 Words   |  6 PagesStudent: Nisaa Kirtman PSY8100 CLIFFORD THEORIES OF PERSONALITY 3 (DEBATE EXISTENCE OF THE UNCONSCIOUS) Faculty Use Only Debate on Psychoanalysis vs. Behaviorism: Freud and Skinner Moderator: Good evening, and welcome to the Northcentral University?s debate on psychanalysis versus behaviorism. My name is Nisaa Kirtman and I am from the Department of Psychology. It?s an honor to be the moderator of tonight?s debate. The topic for tonightRead MorePsychology : Personality Psychology Exam1709 Words   |  7 PagesPersonality Psychology EXAM 1 PART ONE: SHORT ANSWERS 1. Is being accurate the same as being reliable? Is it the same as valid? Being accurate is a measurement of how close data is to its real value. An accurate result is true (most real) to its real value. It differs from being reliable. Reliability is the measurement of consistency in results each time a test is repeated. For instance, if one is able to get the same results during an assessment more than once then the measurement is more thanRead MorePsychology : Theories Of Personality1577 Words   |  7 PagesKirtmanNPSY800-4 NORTHCENTRAL UNIVERSITY ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Student: Nisaa Kirtman PSY8100 CLIFFORD THEORIES OF PERSONALITY 4 (ANALYZE THE HUMANISTIC APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING PERSONALITY) Faculty Use Only The Humanistic Approach to Understanding Personality In the 1950?s, the field of psychology was dominated mainly by two schools of thought: psychoanalytic theory (the unconscious mind and unconscious motivations that shape human

The Differences Between Black And White - 1728 Words

After having listened to hip hop music for years now, and after having taken this course I am convinced that the genre of hip hop emerged in response to the life experience that Black people have had in the United States since the days of slavery. While these people are no longer in chains, there are still significant differences between Black and White lives generally. There are statistics that pretty much remain constant throughout the years showing a definite lag in Black achievement in most areas: economic, educational, in areas of health, and more. So what is the problem? While Black success is certainly not at the same level as whites, there are those Blacks who have prospered immensely. The Oprah Winfreys, Will Smiths, Bill Cosbys, Michael Jacksons, and other Blacks who have seemingly been able to break out of the Black prison seem to have something in common that others could very well follow. The common denominator of these exceptional Blacks seems to be the ability to defer the instant gratification of a life unhampered by prejudice and low expectations on the part of whites, and set their own course despite the conditions surrounding them. This is stoicism in action. It is the ability to suffer slights, prejudices or outright hatred and pursue one’s course undeterred. Marrying the urgency and appeal of hip hop with the philosophy of stoicism should yield new results for the Black American community. One of the popular images of Black people in the whiteShow MoreRelatedThe Differences Between Black Americans And White Americans925 Words   |  4 Pagessuch as Martian Luther King and Robert Williams. These two men strived to bring equality to Black Americans. King believed in peaceful protest that made lawmakers and legislation realize that there was an issue that needed and had to be addressed in order to bring about social equality. Williams on the other had believed that a personal war was the only way to â€Å"fix† the issues between Black Americans and White Americans. Martian Luther King Jr. was born and raised in Atlanta to a Baptist church goingRead MoreDifference Between When A White Guy And A Black Guy863 Words   |  4 PagesAssignment The article â€Å"Difference between When a White Guy vs. A Black Guy Breaks into a Car† was really interesting. I watched the video in which there was a white guy and a black guy who break into a car. The white guy goes first. He attempts to break into the car with a coat hanger. He tries for a full thirty minutes. No one says anything. The pedestrians just walk by as if nothing is happening. A cop even drives past him when he is attempting to steal the car. Then the black guy tries to break intoRead MoreDifference In The Rate Of Partisan Identification Between White And Black Population746 Words   |  3 Pages6a. Here, the null hypothesis is that there is no difference in the rate of partisan identification between the White and Black populations. 6b. RESPONDENT | partisan RACE (1) | 0 1 | Total -----------+----------------------+---------- 1 | 9.75 90.25 | 100.00 2 | 7.60 92.40 | 100.00 -----------+----------------------+---------- Total | 9.53 90.47 | 100.00 6c. = = -0.18 to 4.48 6d. Based on theseRead MoreDifferences Between Men And Women, And The Classism And Privileges Between White And Black People908 Words   |  4 PagesDestiny, a black girl, always talks about how much trouble she got into during high school. She received many detentions and suspensions just because she likes to speak what is on her mind. She admits that she may have gone a little too far at times, but sometimes it just was not fair for the things she was being punished for. During middle school, she found a program called Whyld Girls. This program helps girls in poverty to be more aware of their surroundings. Destiny learned about birth controlRead MoreHow It Feels to Be Colored Me Analysis785 Words   |  4 Pagesan all-black town, began to take note of the differences between blacks and whites at about the age of thirteen. The only white people she was exposed to were those passing through her town of Eatonville, Florida, many times going to or coming from Orlando. The primary focus of How it Feels to be Colored Me is the relationship and differences between blacks and whites. In the early stages of Zora s life, which are expressed in the beginning of How it Feels to be Colored Me, black and whitesRead MoreEssay about Compare And Contrast Black Like Me and Black Boy1581 Words   |  7 Pages The racism and discrimination against blacks in both Black Like Me and Black Boy show the hardships and racial injustice that blacks faced in the south with their share of differences and similarities. After reading Black Like Me and Black Boy, I have gained a better perspective, about how in Black Like Me when John Howard Griffin was a â€Å"black† man he was treated unequally as all blacks are and once he went back to being a white man those people who had treated him bad were now treating him withRead MoreWage Gaps and Demographic Behavior1555 Words   |  7 Pagesexamine whether these wage differences can be accounted for by differences between men and women in the patterns of racial and ethnic segregation within occupation, industry, establishments and occupation-establishment cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to examine segregation by race and ethnicity at the level of establishment and job cell. Our results indicate that greater segregation b etween Hispanic men and white men than between Hispanic women and white women accounts for essentiallyRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Police Essay1503 Words   |  7 Pages There has long been a difference between African Americans and the police. Sometimes minor to being outright confrontational. But if you ask someone on the police force, they would most likely answer no, there are not any differences in the way minority and non-minority communities are treated. But if you asked a minority community, they would probably answer yes, there is a difference. One of the facts that remain constant is the difference in the way blacks and whites view policing and racialRead MoreTheme of English B1000 Words   |  4 Pagesthe right to be included in the same category as white poets. They were both very important members of the Harlem movements. This movement is defined as a style that compares the similarities of the two different races, back and white. Both poets are considered domi nant black poets and their works consist of day-to-day life of a typical African American man. These two poets discuss in very different ways the differences between white men and black men of their time. In â€Å"Theme for English B†, theRead MoreThe Racial Wage Gap And Occupational Crowding1484 Words   |  6 PagesCrowding† In 2008 black male workers only made 74 cents to every dollar made by a white worker with equal education. This is a significant issue because it creates a self reinforcing system that puts a large portion of the population at a disadvantage. Although the poor economic situation for African Americans in the U.S. may not be as prevalent as it was in the 1930’s, there still exists a significant gap between wages earned by white and black workers. The wage gap between blacks and whites in the U.S

Persuasive Essay On Racism - 1654 Words

â€Å"I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.† This was part of the famous â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech by Martin Luther King Jr. said on August 28, 1963. Almost 54 years later this dream has still not been accomplished. People get judged on their skin color and many other things all the time and it isn’t right. Not everybody of the same race, or religion, or sexual orientation are all the same. Racism is a horrible, horrible thing that many people in America experience. Racism and slavery go back many, many years ago. All the way back starting in the 17th century. Since then we have had the Trail of Tears during†¦show more content†¦Increased mental health problems were shown to be significantly higher among racial minorities who’d experienced repeated incidents of racial discrimination, when compared to ethnic minorit ies who did not report any experience of racism. Now back in the Reconstruction Era, after the Civil War, a black person could look at a white person the wrong way and be killed for it. This government and police brutality still affects us today. A study by researchers at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that over the past 50 years, the risk of a young black man in the United States dying due to law enforcement action ranged from at least 3 to 10 times higher that a risk for a young white man. Also around a third of America’s population is comprised of people of color, yet they account for nearly two-thirds of the prison population. 1 in 3 black men will go to prison at some point in their lives. Noam Chomsky once said â€Å"The police can go to downtown Harlem and pick up a colored kid with a joint in the street. But they can’t go into the elegant apartments and get a white stockbroker who’s sniffing cocaine.† Not only do we have to worry about police brutality but also hate crimes. Nearly half of all hate crimes in America have to do with race. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 47% of hate crimes are racially motivated. Second place, a tie between religion and sexual orientation, doesn’t even come close, accounting for 19% of hate crimes. There are hateShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Racism1138 Words   |  5 Pages It was during the first week of INT that I started to feel more in depth with the racism and its different terms. We talked in detail on intent, reverse racism, and white supremacy after watching few videos for each matter. It turned out that there are deeper meaning and context to these terms than the mere definition. A number of cases regarding intent have suggested that it’s solely up to someone’s motives if they are being racist or not. For instance, we talked in class about this one teacherRead MorePersuasive Essay On Racism1271 Words   |  6 Pagesthe options to chose our race. Yet we are still being ridiculed from what we are born with. Racism is one of many elements that in the United States of America affects our society. However, there is a hidden problem that promotes racism. It is the fact that a lot of people try to make themselves believe that racism doesn t exist. But unfortunately, it still does. Everyone knows about the problem of racism but don t realize that they are supporting the problem by discriminating against other peopleRead MorePersuasive Essay On Racism701 Words   |  3 PagesRacism Racism is an issue in America that has been growing, Martin Luther King was a famous black citizen for his bravery of black people as equals. We can respond to and eradicate racism only through a peaceful stand for the love for humanity. The call of Pope Francis to take â€Å" a clear stand for creative and active nonviolence and against all forms of violence† echoes the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King’s dream of a nation without racism. Inspired by Dr. King’s concept of a creative and constructiveRead MorePersuasive Essay On Racism882 Words   |  4 Pagesword to me, eventually I have come to understand her intentions during that week. Little did I know that this would not be the last time I would endure a situation like this. ‘Subtle Racism’ in America is common in society. It can come from all sides, and can have as deep an effect as blatant racism. Subtle racism to me is shown from someone who may not consider themselves to be racist, and may see themselves as a supporter of all ethnicities, but expresses certain behaviors and phrases that canRead MorePersuasive Essay On Racism1018 Words   |  5 Pagesit s working at 7/11, always smelling like curry, or mocking us with our thick accents. Stereotypes have always been around, they have been used to make some funny jokes, but others have used it personally and criticize people with it. That is why racism is a big problem in this world with people using stereotypes to verbally attack people, thinking those things are true for every race and not getting to know people before judging them. My friends always turn to these jokes when they want to makeRead MorePersuasive Essay On Racism1317 Words   |  6 Pages Is America Racist? As a privileged white female in the United States, I don’t personally deal with any racism. But millions of Americans are impacted by racism on a daily basis. They are exposed to ignorant slurs and racial violence constantly. Some people say that not everyone is America is racist. That America as a whole is accepting and welcoming. If so, why did we elect a president whose immigration policies will limit entry of millions of non-white people into our country? How is itRead MorePersuasive Essay On Racism1926 Words   |  8 Pagesdifferent culture or has different skin color? Racism is the major issues today and it still exists in our schools, works, and society. Racism at the workplace is responsible for continuous mood changes, aggressive behavior, and have a bad feeling in the minds of the affected persons. This turn bad for the employer and the society. Everyone has right to do something so why do people become races. Today it was better than years ago but still, racism exists in the United States and other countriesRead MorePersuasive Essay Racism1958 Words   |  8 Pagesloose. We learned about racism in the past, but in 2013, but we never thought we would experience it. Racism is discrimination or discrimination against another race , from one that believes that their race is superior. One of the biggest debates in America is whether or not racism exist. Racism is still present in America because America has an unlawful justice system for minorities, President Trump is causing racial tensions, and the media is racially bias. There is still racism present in AmericaRead MorePersuasive Essay On Racism1752 Words   |  8 PagesRacism is contagious to this society. It has been a growing concern in the United States for many decades now, however, no major improvements are made by any political officials in reducing it. Many individuals of color are treated unfairly just because they are of pigment. Not too long ago, many individuals in the African American communities sparked out in outrage when individuals such as Michael Brown and much more were racially profiled by were brutally attacked by the law enforcers. Racism doesRead MorePersuasive Essay On Racism1839 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout America, racism is a very prominent topic that affects thousands of American’s. Although racism has been fought for many of years in America, Americans find themselves still talking about the social divide. The subject of racism is all over the news and has even made it’s way to America’s game, fo otball. The kneeling during the national anthem has been a very big controversy that many American’s are furious about. However, for black Americans, it is an outcry that should be heard. Many

The Secret Circle The Power Chapter Six Free Essays

â€Å"Aunt Constance!† Melanie gasped. â€Å"You heard me,† the dark-haired woman said to Adam. She looked at the rest of the group. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Power Chapter Six or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"Get out of here, all of you! I don’t like that kind of joke, especially now. Haven’t you made enough trouble with your meddling? Poor Alexandra in the guest room, and Maeve scarcely in the ground . . . Melanie, I want them out of the house!† Laurel and Granny Quincey were both fluttering. â€Å"Oh dear, oh dear,† Granny Quincey was saying, raising hands that looked like little bird claws, and â€Å"Oh, please, Miss Burke,† Laurel was beseeching, almost in tears. â€Å"You have no respect at all,† Aunt Constance said, breathing hard. Her eyes were as bright as if she had a fever. â€Å"Young people never do, Constance,† Adam’s grandmother said, chuckling. â€Å"Why, I remember when we were their age, the mischief we used to get up to †¦ oh, me.† Still laughing and shaking her head, Adam’s grandmother popped another cookie in her mouth. â€Å"Grandma, please listen. It’s not a joke,† Adam began helplessly, but it was no use. There was too much noise; everyone was talking at once. Over it all Great-aunt Constance continued to order them out, telling Melanie to forget about the mess on the floor and just go. Granny Quincey was twittering and making calming gestures, which everybody ignored. Old Mrs. Franklin was smiling at them all benevolently. Diana was pleading with Melanie’s aunt to listen, but to no avail. â€Å"For the last time!† Aunt Constance cried, flapping a hand as if to shoo Diana and the Club out the door. â€Å"Miss Burke!† Cassie yelled. She felt close to tears herself, although Nick had been quietly trying to escort her out since the shouting had started. Cassie didn’t want to go; she thought she understood what Great-aunt Constance was talking about when she mentioned the kids’ meddling. â€Å"Miss Burke,† she repeated, forcing her way forward again. She found herself directly in front of Great-aunt Constance. â€Å"I’m sorry,† Cassie said, and it was suddenly quiet enough that she could hear the unsteadiness in her own voice. â€Å"It’s my mom that’s in your guest room, and you know how grateful I am that you’re taking care of her. And it’s my grandmother that’s in the ground. But who do you think did that to them? It wasn’t the Club. My grandmother told me before she died that he had planned all along to come back, and that she always knew he would manage to do it. It’s true that it’s partly the Circle’s fault he’s back – it’s partly my fault. And we’re sorry, more sorry than you can know. But he really is here.† She paused a moment, then added in almost a whisper, â€Å"Really.† Aunt Constance was breathing very quickly through her nose. She drew herself up more regally than ever, her lips a thin red slash across her face. â€Å"I’m afraid I can’t believe any of what you’re saying. It is simply im-impossible – † The woman’s expression changed, twisting in pain. She gave a gasp and clutched at her chest. â€Å"Aunt Constance,† Melanie cried, rushing to her. It took both her and Adam to help the rigid woman to a chair. â€Å"Should I call a doctor?† Diana asked. â€Å"No!† Aunt Constance said, lifting her head. â€Å"It’s nothing. I’m all right now.† â€Å"It’s not nothing, Constance,† a quavery voice said, and Cassie saw Granny Quincey getting off the sofa to come stand beside the chair. â€Å"It’s your heart telling you the truth. I think we’d better listen to these children.† There was a silence while Melanie’s aunt looked at Melanie, then at Adam, then at Cassie. Cassie forced herself to return the piercing gaze. Aunt Constance’s eyes shut and she slowly leaned back in the chair. â€Å"You’re right,† she said, without looking at anyone. â€Å"Come in, all of you, and find somewhere to sit down. Then you can tell your story.† â€Å"So finally we decided we’d better talk to you three, since you were the ones who might remember him from the last time,† Diana said. â€Å"We thought of asking our parents, too – â€Å" â€Å"Don’t go to your parents,† Aunt Constance said flatly. She had sat and listened to the whole tale, her expression getting grimmer and grimmer. An aura of bleak horror hung in the room. â€Å"They wouldn’t understand,† she said, and her gaze settled on Cassie emptily, making Cassie think of her mother’s blank eyes. â€Å"They won’t remember. Dear God, how I’ve wished that I could forget too †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"What’s past is past,† Granny Quincey said. â€Å"Yes,† said Great-aunt Constance. She straightened. â€Å"But I don’t know how you think three old women are going to help you – against him.† â€Å"We thought that you might remember something about him, some weakness; something we can use to fight him,† Adam said. Aunt Constance slowly shook her head. Granny Quincey was frowning, her face pursed into hundreds of wrinkles. Old Mrs. Franklin wore a very pleasant expression; Cassie couldn’t tell if she’d been following the story or not. â€Å"If he can come back from the dead, he can’t have many weaknesses,† Aunt Constance whispered harshly. â€Å"And he was always clever at manipulating. You say that Faye Chamberlain is on his side?† â€Å"We’re afraid so,† Adam said. â€Å"That’s bad. He’ll use her to get at you, at your weaknesses. Lure her away from him if you can. But how?† Aunt Constance’s brow lined in concentration. â€Å"The hematite – take that from her. It’s very dangerous; he can use it to influence her mind.† Diana glanced at Cassie, as if to say, I told you. Aunt Constance was going on. â€Å"And you say the skull is gone now? Are you sure?† â€Å"It’s gone,† Adam said. â€Å"It looked like it exploded when Faye was holding it, just before we were all knocked out,† Cassie said. â€Å"Something exploded out of it, anyway. And we couldn’t find a trace of it afterward.† â€Å"Well . . . there’s no way to use that against him, then. And you, Cassie, you haven’t found anything in your grandmother’s Book to help you?† â€Å"Not yet. I haven’t gotten all the way through it, though,† Cassie admitted. Aunt Constance was shaking her head. â€Å"Power, you need power to use against him. You’re all too young to fight him – and we’re too old. And in between our ages are nothing but fools. There’s no power strong enough around here.. .† â€Å"There was once,† Granny Quincey said in her reedy voice. Aunt Constance looked at her, and her expression changed. â€Å"Once . . . yes, of course.† She turned to the Circle. â€Å"If the old stories are true, there once was a power strong enough to destroy Black John.† â€Å"What power?† Laurel asked. Aunt Constance countered with a question. â€Å"How did Adam happen to find the skull, exactly?† â€Å"It wasn’t an accident,† Diana said. â€Å"He was out looking for the Master Tools . . .† She stopped. â€Å"The Master Tools,† she whispered. â€Å"Yes. The ones that belonged to the original coven, the real Salem witches. Our ancestors who founded New Salem after the witch hunters drove them out of Salem Village.† Cassie was speaking out loud before she† thought. â€Å"But just what were the Master Tools, exactly?† It was Granny Quincey who answered. â€Å"The symbols of the witch leader, of course. The diadem, the bracelet, and the garter.† â€Å"The ones we use are just imitations,† Melanie said. â€Å"They are just symbols. The original coven’s were very powerful; real tools to be used. But, Aunt Constance† – she turned back to her aunt – â€Å"it was Black John who hid the Master Tools. Adam’s been looking for them for years, from here to Cape Cod. How can we find them now?† â€Å"I don’t know,† the woman said. â€Å"But you’ve got one thing wrong there. Black John didn’t hide them, the original coven did. They hid the tools from him, so he wouldn’t be able to use them. They knew that with the power of the skull and the tools together, he would be invincible. That’s what my grandmother told me, anyway.† â€Å"They wouldn’t have taken the tools far to hide,† Granny Quincey added. â€Å"That’s just sense. Black John was a traveler, but our ancestors weren’t. They were peaceable, home-loving people.† â€Å"You came for our advice – well, that’s mine,† Aunt Constance said. â€Å"Find the Master Tools. If you all stand together, using those, you may have a chance against him.† Her lips were a thin line again. â€Å"All right,† Adam said slowly. â€Å"We understand.† Cassie let her breath out, trying not to feel disappointed. It was good advice, but she’d hoped – for what? For her own grandmother, she supposed. She wanted her grandmother, who had been so wise, and had somehow always made Cassie feel as if she were stronger than she’d thought. â€Å"And keep reading that book your grandma gave you!† Granny Quincey said suddenly, looking right at Cassie. Cassie nodded and the old woman gave her a wrinkled but oddly intense smile. Mrs. Franklin was smiling too, patting her knees and looking around as if she’d forgotten something. â€Å"What’s tomorrow?† she said. There was a pause. Cassie wasn’t sure if Adam’s grandmother was speaking to them or to herself. But then she repeated, â€Å"What’s tomorrow?† looking at them encouragingly. â€Å"Uh – our birthday,† Chris offered. But Diana looked startled. â€Å"I think – I think it’s the night of Hecate,† she said. â€Å"Is that what you mean?† â€Å"That’s right,† old Mrs. Franklin said comfortably. â€Å"Oh, when I was young, we would have done a ceremony. I remember ceremonies under the moon, when there were Indians in the shadows.. .† Glances were exchanged. Mrs. Franklin couldn’t possibly remember that; there hadn’t been Indians around here for centuries. But Diana was getting excited. â€Å"You think we should have a ceremony?† â€Å"I would, dear,† Mrs. Franklin said. â€Å"A girls’ ceremony. We girls always had our secrets, didn’t we, Connie? And we stuck together.† Diana looked a little puzzled, then nodded slowly, determinedly. â€Å"Yes. Yes. It would be good for the girls to get together – all the girls. And I think I know what kind of ceremony to have. It’s not the right time of year, but that doesn’t matter.† â€Å"I know you’ll enjoy it, dear,† Mrs. Franklin said. â€Å"Now let me see – Cassie!† Cassie looked at her, startled. â€Å"Cassie,† Adam’s grandmother said again. Her head was on one side, and she was sighing, the way you do when somebody shows you a picture of smiling baby. â€Å"Dear me, you are a pretty little thing, though you don’t look at all like your mother. Still – † She broke off suddenly and looked around. â€Å"Hm?† Great-aunt Constance was looking more severe than ever, her snapping eyes right on Mrs. Franklin. â€Å"Edith,† she said, in a flat voice. Mrs. Franklin looked at Granny Quincey, who was also staring at her with great concentration. â€Å"Why – I was only going to say I could see a bit of her mother in her expression,† she said, and nodded at Cassie pleasantly. â€Å"You try not to worry so much, dear. It’ll all come right in the end.† Aunt Constance relaxed almost imperceptibly. â€Å"Yes. That’s all, Melanie; you’d better take your friends away.† And that was that. The eleven of them got up and said thank you and good-bye politely, and then they were outside the big white house in the thin November sunlight. â€Å"Whew!† said Cassie. â€Å"Adam, do you know what was going on there at the end?† â€Å"Sorry,† Adam said, grimacing. â€Å"She gets like that sometimes.† â€Å"It wasn’t her so much as the other two,† Cassie began, but Deborah broke in, impatient. â€Å"So what’s this night of Hecate thing?† â€Å"It’s the night of the crone,† Diana said. â€Å"That’s what Hecate stands for.† â€Å"The crone?† Suzan echoed in distaste, and Cassie knew what she meant. The word conjured up an unpleasant image – a stooped, wrinkled figure holding up a poisoned apple. â€Å"Yes.† Diana looked at Cassie. â€Å"It’s not a bad thing, Cassie. Crone just means old woman – it’s the last stage in a woman’s life. Maiden, mother, then crone. Crones are wise and – well, tough. Not physically, maybe, but mentally. They’ve seen a lot; they’ve been through it, and they know things. They’re the ones who pass things on to us.† â€Å"Like my grandmother,† Cassie said, understanding dawning. Of course – that stooped, wrinkled figure was the very picture of her grandmother. Not a poisoned apple, then, she thought. If her grandmother offered anything to anybody, it was help. â€Å"Fairy tales give us the wrong idea,† she said. â€Å"Right.† Diana nodded firmly. â€Å"When I’m old I hope I’m a crone like your grandmother.† â€Å"Whatever you want,† Doug said, rolling his eyes. â€Å"They’re all trying to help,† Melanie said. â€Å"Even Aunt Constance. But what are we going to do for the night of Hecate, Diana?† â€Å"It’s a night for fortune-telling and prophecies,† Diana said, â€Å"and we have to find a crossroads where we can celebrate it. Hecate was the Greek goddess of crossroads – they’re supposed to symbolize transformation. Starting on a new passage of life. It could be old age, or death, or some other kind of change.† â€Å"I think we’re all at a crossroads,† Melanie said soberly. â€Å"I do too.† Diana looked at Adam. â€Å"I think your grandmother was right; this is something we girls should do. But that’ll leave you guys alone †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Adam grinned. â€Å"Oh, I guess we could manage to amuse ourselves for one night without you. Maybe Chris and Doug have some ideas.† He spoke easily; Cassie had noticed that all the guys in the Circle were undisturbed by the girls’ rights and privileges. They didn’t feel threatened; they seemed to know that they were just as important, in a different way. â€Å"But I think you should be very careful,† Nick said, without a trace of humor in his voice. Chris and Doug were punching each other, arguing about how they wanted to celebrate their birthday. When Nick spoke they shut up. â€Å"I think you’d better find a crossroads right near here,† Nick went on, speaking to Diana and Cassie. â€Å"And that we’d better not be too far away.† Cassie looked into his face, saw the concern behind the careful control in his eyes. She took his hand, felt his strong fingers interlace with hers. â€Å"We’ll be careful,† she promised quietly. She saw Deborah’s sharp glance at their linked hands, saw a knowing grin flash across the biker girl’s face. Chris was poking Doug, who was glowering indignantly. Melanie’s normally cool gray eyes were wide, and Laurel and Suzan were smiling. Cassie couldn’t help but notice that Adam was not smiling. He didn’t smile again the rest of the day. That night, Cassie had dreams. Swirling, formless dreams that seemed to have something to do with Books of Shadows. She and Diana had been up late, reading and studying. They hadn’t found anything helpful. But in Cassie’s dreams she felt she was on the verge of a momentous discovery. She caught a glimpse of the sunlit room again. Just a swift bright flash that melted almost instantly into darkness. She found herself awake, staring around Diana’s bedroom as if she might find it here. â€Å"Cassie,† Diana murmured. â€Å"You okay?† â€Å"Yes,† Cassie whispered. She was glad when Diana went still again. Diana was the one who’d insisted Cassie sleep with her, worried about Cassie having nightmares. But if Cassie really started disturbing Diana she couldn’t let herself stay here anymore. She was enough trouble to Diana without keeping her up all night. Actually, Cassie had slept very peacefully in the Meade house. It wasn’t like Number Twelve, which had groaned and popped so much in settling that Cassie had been constantly jolted awake. Some difference in the way the houses were made, she supposed. The additions to Diana’s house were much newer; perhaps they’d used better materials. Cassie lay for a while in the warm darkness, listening to Diana’s soft breathing. Where was Black John tonight? she wondered. Out there on the mainland in his rented cottage? Or here, on the island of New Salem? For some reason thinking of New Salem as an island upset her. She felt – isolated, somehow: besieged. As if Black John could cut all of them off from the rest of the world and cast them adrift on the ocean. Don’t be silly, she told herself. But the threads of panic churning in her stomach wouldn’t be stilled. She wondered suddenly if her mother wouldn’t be better off in an institution – away from here. Anywhere away from here. There’s no reason for him to hurt her. It’s us he hates, she thought desperately. But he had come after her grandmother. Why? For the Book of Shadows? I’m the one who has the Book of Shadows now, she realized with a sick lurch of heart. What if he decides to come and take it? The thought grabbed hold of her imagination. She could feel the bed quiver with the pounding of her heart. What if Black John were to come here, now? He was a living, breathing man – but he was also a witch. Was he bound by the rules of other men? Or could he come sliding in here like a shadow, crawling along the floor toward the bed? I have to stay calm. I have to. If I crack up, it’s all over. For Mom, for the coven, for everyone. It’s going to take all of us to fight him. I can’t be the weak link. â€Å"There is nothing frightening in the dark if you just face it,† she whispered to herself between clenched teeth. â€Å"There is nothing frightening in the dark if you just face it.† Burning tears spilled out of her eyes, but she kept on whispering her grandmother’s phrase. On and on until at last she fell asleep. The next school day began with an assembly. Faye hadn’t been in her normal seat in writing class again, but as Cassie filed into the auditorium she was astonished to see the dark-haired girl up by the stage. Faye was standing quietly, almost demurely – for Faye. She was wearing a tailored suit and looked like a very smart, very sexy secretary. Her mane of dark hair was piled up softly on her head, and she was carrying a stack of papers and a clipboard. All she needed was a pair of hornrimmed glasses and she could have been some billionaire’s girl Friday. Cassie couldn’t believe it. She looked around the auditorium and caught sight of Suzan and Sean, who both had the same remedial-English class first period. She jerked her chin at them and they split off from their class and joined her. Suzan’s blue eyes were enormous. â€Å"Did you see Faye? What’s she doing up there?† â€Å"I don’t know,† Cassie said. â€Å"Nothing good.† â€Å"She looks good,† Sean said, wetting his lips quickly. â€Å"She looks great.† Cassie glanced at Sean, really noticing him for the first time in a long time. Since she’d danced with him at the Halloween dance, maybe. It was so easy to overlook Sean; in a crowd he just seemed to blend in. But here, with only him and Suzan beside her, Cassie focused. I should pay more attention to him, she thought. An image skittered through her mind: Sean as he had appeared the first time she’d seen him. Shiny eyes, shiny belt engraved with his name. Standing by his locker full of Soloflex ads, grinning at her. Something about the picture disturbed her profoundly, but she couldn’t think what. The last of the junior and senior classes were coming into the auditorium. Cassie saw the Henderson brothers and Deborah sitting down with their history class. There was Diana and Melanie and Laurel from British Literature, and Sally Waltman, too, with the now-familiar straw-colored head of Portia Bainbridge next to her. She saw Adam and his chemistry class, but didn’t spot Nick. â€Å"Looks like Faye’s doing a little extracurricular activity,† a voice behind her murmured, and Cassie turned gratefully. Nick nodded at the guy who was occupying the seat there, and the guy scrambled up and left. Cassie hardly noticed the occurrence, it was so common. The kids from Crowhaven Road indicated what they wanted, and the outsiders gave it to them. Always. It was the way things worked. Nick sat in the vacated chair and took out a pack of cigarettes. He opened it, shook one forward. Then he noticed Cassie. Cassie was staring at him with her eyebrows lifted, her best Diana expression on. Disapproval radiating from her like heat waves. â€Å"Ah,† Nick said. He glanced at the cigarettes, then at her again. He tapped the protruding cigarette back into place and tucked the pack in his pocket. â€Å"Bad habit,† he said. â€Å"Testing, one, two, three . . .† It was Faye’s voice over the microphone. Cassie turned quickly. â€Å"It’s on,† Faye said, with a smile Cassie could only describe as kittenish. Faye moved away from the lectern, and the tall man also standing onstage walked up to it. He adjusted it, his eyes on the crowd of seated students. â€Å"Good morning,† he said, and his voice sent waves of darkness crashing through Cassie. Every muscle in her body tightened defensively, ready to obey some deeply buried instinct to fight or flee. Just his voice, she thought dazedly, how can someone’s voice alone do that? â€Å"As some of you already know, I’m Mr. Brunswick, your new principal.† How to cite The Secret Circle: The Power Chapter Six, Essay examples

Bhavnath Temple free essay sample

Written Analysis and Communication-I Assignment – I Case Analysis â€Å"Bhavnath Temple† Submitted On: Submitted By: 16-07-2010 Arpit Dangayach Section-A Roll No. 101114 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The problem is government’s dilemma to go with lower or higher reservoir capacity. Government’s objective is to provide economic development. It wants to increase agricultural production and generate higher revenues. Option 1, government can go for lower reservoir capacity. Option 2, government can go for higher reservoir capacity. Option 3, government can go for reduced reservoir capacity. Option 1 would save the temple. Revenues would be earned from agriculture and tourism. In option 2, temple would be submerged but higher production and revenues would be there. In option 3, lower production and revenues would be there but support of the villagers will be beneficial for future expansion. Word Count: 107 MAIN REPORT The case has been set in post independence period of India. It talks about the government’s plans for all-around economic development. In the undivided Bombay province a proposal was put forth by the government to build dams across the rivers Lokmata and Sadmata in the northern part of Gujarat. The dams were to have a capacity of 4700 million cu. ft. of water and facilitate irrigation of 92000 acres of land in 3 districts. The control levels of dams were as mentioned in exhibit 1. However construction of the dams would result in submerging of 10500 acres of land belonging to some 20 villages. Therefore the government also had the task of resettlement of the villagers and providing new sources of livelihood, thus adding direct cost to the cost of constructing the dam. But the government was determined about the feasibility of the project. However the control level of the dams would also lead to submergence of the temple of Bhavnath. This was an old temple which was considered highly sacred and connected with Bhrugu Rishi. Also, the temple attracted many tourists at the annual fair. Due to this reason the Government faced stiff opposition from the villagers. The government agreed to take steps to protect the temple. However the final proposal had some changes made like the new control levels as mentioned in exhibit 2, raised capacity i. . 5700 million cu. ft. But this would lead to complete submergence of the temple and was inevitably met with adamant resistance from the people. Bombay was divided in 1960 and Gujarat was formed. The newly formed government was keenly interested in the dam scheme but the opposition still persisted. PROBLEM The central problem is the government’s dilemma to go with Plan I or Plan II. Plan I: The dam would be c onstructed with control levels as in exhibit 1. The capacity would be 4700 million cu. ft. The revenues generated would be Rs. 15. 83 lakhs annually. The temple would be saved from submergence and provided with an all-weather access. Plan II: The dam would be constructed with control levels as in exhibit 2. The capacity would be 5700 million cu. ft and higher revenues would be generated. The temple would be completely submerged. OBJECTIVES †¢ Economic Development: The government wants to go for all-round economic development and thus provide better future prospects for the nation. †¢ Increase in Irrigation Potential: The government wants to bring more area under irrigation and thus earn higher revenues. Resettlement of Villagers: The government has to shift the villagers to a new location and also provide them with source of livelihood. †¢ Protection of Temple: The government would not want to hurt the religious sentiments of the villagers by submerging the temple and thus affect its vote bank. OPTIONS 1. The government can build the dams with reduced control levels as in exhibit 1. The capacity would be 4700 millio n cu. ft and it would facilitate irrigation of 92900 acres of land. This would help generate revenues of Rs. 15. 83 lakhs annually. 2. The government can build the dams with higher control levels as in exhibit 2. The capacity would be 5700 million cu. ft and thus higher revenue generation. 3. The government can opt for slight reduction in the reservoir capacity i. e. below what was initially proposed. As the villagers realise the potential benefits due to the dam, the government can increase the reservoir capacity by expanding laterally. EVALUATION 1. If the government goes with Option 1, it would be able to protect the temple from submerging. This would also respect the religious sentiments of the villagers. Also, the government would be able to cash in on the revenues generated from the tourists arriving at the temple during the annual fair. The vote bank of the government would also be secured. Also there would be lesser shifting of the villagers required. However the reduced dam capacity would mean lower irrigation potential and lower revenues generated. 2. If the government goes with Option 2, it would be able to increase the irrigation potential and thus generate higher revenues. It would also mean better economic development for the village as well as the nation. However, as it would imply submergence of the temple, there would be stiff resistance from the villagers. The government would also have to face the ire of opposition parties. This would in turn hurt their vote bank. Submergence of the temple would also stop the inflow of the revenues generated through tourism. There would also be additional burden on the government for shifting of the villagers and arranging their source of livelihood. 3. If the government goes with Option 3, they would be saving the temple from submergence. There would also be lesser number of villages getting submerged. This would save the government costs of resettlement of the villagers. As there is sufficient irrigation potential, the government can in future increase the irrigation potential by expanding the reservoir laterally. However revenues generated would be less and so would be agricultural production. ACTION PLAN The government should go with Option 1. The dam would facilitate the irrigation of 92900 acres of land and generate annual revenues of Rs. 15. 83 lakhs. The government would also be able to collect the revenues generated from the tourists visiting the temple. This plan would protect the temple from submergence. As a result the government’s action would be viewed in good faith by the villagers as their religious sentiments would be taken care of. This plan will also help the government to stay in power. It would win them the support from nearby villages too.

Whoever Controls The Media Controls The Mind †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Whoever Controls The Media Controls The Mind. Answer: Introduction Whoever controls the media, controls the mind. The above quoted lines of Jim Morrison from An America Prayer clearly indicate the power which the media holds in the present world. Therefore, it is often seen that there is an initiative on the part of the various entities in a nation to control as well as the censor the media. The censorship of media can be defined as the process by means of which the powers of the media are curtailed down and its duty to report the news to the public with absolute honesty is usurped (Vivian and Maurin 2012). This is often done with the objective to keep the actual news or information from being conveyed to the people, which might portray the authorities in the negative light. It is to be noted that that the process is a very ancient one and several books and other literary pieces were censor by the throne of England in the traditional times. John Milton, the famous Puritan poet protested against the process of censorship in his famous tract Areopagitica, published in the year 1644, in lines like Give me the liberty to know, to utter, and to argue freely according to conscience, above all liberties (Vivian and Maurin 2012). This essay intends to study the process of censorship of media in the two countries of Australia and China. This is the thesis statement of this particular essay. Discussion Australia stands on the 18th position whereas China stands on the 88th position on the list of countries with the most liberal policies towards the media (Butler and Rodrick 2017). The nation of Australia, being a commonwealth, provides the freedom of expression to its citizens and thereby ensures the freedom of press (Butler and Rodrick 2017). The nation of China, on the other hand, is controlled by the Communist Party of China and all the apparatus of the State like media, rival political parties are controlled by the ruling party itself (Tai 2014). Therefore, not only the freedom of expression of the people is usurped but the freedom of press is also grossly misappropriated (Yang 2012). Commenting on the importance of the free media, George Washington said, If freedom of speech is taken away, then dumb and silent we may be led, like sheep to the slaughter (Vivian and Maurin 2012). Therefore, the presence of a free as well as uncensored media is very essential for a nation. The Chinese government has complete control over the functioning of its media, the publication of books, newspapers and other sources of information (Yang 2012). The Communist Party of China have declared a punishment of up to 12 years for the whistle blowers and 6 years for the journalists who try to portray a negative image of the ruling Party (Bamman, O'Connor and Smith 2012). It is also to be noted that recently several journalists were imprisoned for reporting against the government under the reign of the President Xi Jinping. In another instance, in Macau, the journalists and media personnels were subjected to actual torture for carrying out their duties (Tai 2014). The process of censorship of media reached to an all time with the introduction of the new SAPPRFT (Tai 2014). According to this new regulation the media personnels and journalists are not allowed to portray the governmental authorities in the new light and also not supposed to reveal information which might prove d etrimental to the interests of the ruling government (Tai 2014). Several journalists were exiled and subjected to inhuman tortures for revealing the atrocities committed by the police and political figures like Leung Chun-Yin (Bamman, O'Connor and Smith 2012). Another interesting fact to note about the censorship of media in China is that one in four website which are easily accessible through the search engine Google has been blocked by the government of China through their filtering process (Curtin 2012). The total number of websites blocked by the Chinese government is around 923 and more than 26% citizens of China have been affected by this censorship (Curtin 2012). Thus, it can be said that the Communist Party of China governs the nation of China just like a dictator would rule his or her state. Thus, the media as well as the citizens of the nation are deprived of their basic rights like freedom of expression, right to information, freedom of press and various others which are in-congenial for the blossoming of democratic and republican nation (Yang 2012). The Australian government, on the other hand, does not have such a stringent hold over the media of their nation (Vivian and Maurin 2012). The government of Australia, in comparison to the government of China, is quiet liberal in their attitude towards to the media of their land. In the commonwealth nation of Australia, the power to censor the media is vested with the state as well as the federal government, where the federal government can make laws relating the media communication and the kind of news which is being broadcasted or printed (Butler and Rodrick 2017). The state government oversees the sale as the broadcast of the printed items, including the newspapers, books and others and also the various digital platforms through which information is being conveyed to the people (Butler and Rodrick 2017). It is interesting to note that the earliest instance of censorship of media in Australia was the censorship of the book Lady Chatterley's Lover by D.H. Lawrence in the year 1929 ( Butler and Rodrick 2017). The Australian Classification Board (ACB) formed in the year 1970 oversees the censorship of movies and other digital means through which information can be conveyed to the people just like the Communist Party of China (Vivian and Maurin 2012). Along with that, the Australian Communications and Media Authority, also oversees the work of censorship of the media (Vivian and Maurin 2012). In Australia, in the recent times, there have been several instances where the journalists have been reprimanded for representing the truth just like the journalists in China. The Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull himself said the role of journalists was to stand up to the powerful, adding that our democracy depends vitally on a free and courageous press who are not cowed by governments and by big vested interests (Butler and Rodrick 2017). However, there are certain respects in which the censorship of media in both the countries is almost similar. For example, in Au stralia, several journalists were convicted when they tried to report the inhumanities conducted during one of the anti-terrorism raids of the special intelligence operations (SIOs) (McGowan 2018). It is also interesting to note that just the Chinese government, the Australian government has a rule that if a journalist reports on such activities then he or she will be imprisoned for around 12 years (Walkleys.com. 2018). Another interesting fact to note is that as many as 9 journalists have been killed in Australia in the past 42 years and not a single person has being punished for their death (Walkleys.com. 2018). Conclusion Therefore, from the above discussion it becomes clear that freedom is one of the most important aspects of the media of any nation. The above study clearly indicates that in both the countries of Australia and China, the media is subjected to censorship. The process of censorship of media is lesser in Australia in comparison to the nation of China, where the power of the media is completely curtailed down. It is important to note that the censorship of media can be seen as the repression of the fundamental rights like freedom of expression, right to information, and other basic rights of the people. References Bamman, D., O'Connor, B. and Smith, N., 2012. Censorship and deletion practices in Chinese social media.First Monday,17(3). Butler, D.A. and Rodrick, S., 2017.Australian media law. Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Limited. Curtin, M., 2012. Chinese media and globalization.Chinese Journal of Communication,5(1), pp.1-9. McGowan, M. 2018.UN warns Australia against imposing 'draconian penalties' on journalists. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/feb/20/un-warns-australia-against-imposing-draconian-penalties-on-journalists [Accessed 4 Mar. 2018]. Tai, Q., 2014. China's media censorship: A dynamic and diversified regime.Journal of East Asian Studies,14(2), pp.185-210. Vivian, J. and Maurin, P.J., 2012.The media of mass communication. Pearson Canada. Walkleys.com. 2018.Press freedom is under attack, not least in Australia The Walkley Foundation. [online] Available at: https://www.walkleys.com/press-freedom-is-under-attack-not-least-in-australia/ [Accessed 4 Mar. 2018]. Yang, A., 2012. Understanding the Changing Chinese Media: Through the Lens of Crises.China Media Research,8(2).